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Health blog
Plain-language guides from our lab: what each test measures, when to test, and how to look after dogs, cats, cows and buffaloes.
Blood typing finds a dog's or cat's blood group, and cross-matching checks whether a chosen donor's blood suits the patient. Both are done before a transfusion to lower the chance of a reaction.
18 Oct 2026
Electrolyte and calcium tests measure salts and minerals in a pet's blood, such as sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium and magnesium. They help vets look into vomiting, weakness, tremors and fits.
18 Oct 2026
A thyroid profile measures T4 and T3, the thyroid hormones, and TSH, the pituitary signal that drives them. Read together, the three help a vet see whether a dog's or cat's thyroid is too slow, too fast or normal.
18 Oct 2026
Toxoplasma and Bartonella are two germs a cat can carry, often without signs, and both can pass to people. Toxoplasma is usually checked with antibody tests and Bartonella with an RT-PCR test on blood.
18 Oct 2026
Anaemia means too few red blood cells or too little haemoglobin. A complete blood count shows it, and further tests help tell whether red cells are being lost, destroyed or not made well enough.
18 Oct 2026
After a routine stool test, a vet may add a test for hidden blood, a smear for moving protozoa, a Giardia kit or a stool culture. Each answers a different question about why a dog or cat has diarrhoea.
18 Oct 2026
Most blood tests need little preparation, but a few need an empty stomach and a calm pet gives a cleaner sample. Ask your vet or the lab before any fast, and never fast a puppy, kitten or sick pet unless the vet says so.
18 Oct 2026
Blood tubes differ because each holds something different that suits a different test. EDTA is for cell counts, serum for chemistry, citrate for clotting tests and fluoride for blood sugar, so one draw can fill several tubes.
18 Oct 2026
A reference range is the span of results usually seen in healthy animals of the same kind, measured by the same method. A result outside it is a clue and not a diagnosis, and a result inside it is not a promise of health.
18 Oct 2026
Some tests, such as specialist assays, RT-PCR, culture and histopathology, may be done wholly or partly by an independent partner laboratory. The lab should tell you before you book if that applies, and the report should name the laboratory that did the test.
18 Oct 2026
How long a lab report takes depends on the test. Routine blood, urine and stool tests are usually quicker than culture, histopathology and molecular tests, and any time given is an estimate. The lab confirms the reporting time when you book.
18 Oct 2026
A lab may ask for a fresh sample when the first one is clotted, too small, in the wrong tube, wrongly labelled, leaking or too old. Such a sample can give a wrong result, so the lab would rather ask again than report something unreliable.
18 Oct 2026
Call or WhatsApp us. We explain what each test checks and help you pick the right one.
